Besides Fees, What Is the Other Major Reward for Mining a Block?

The other major reward is the block subsidy, which is a fixed amount of newly created cryptocurrency included in the coinbase transaction of a successfully mined block. This subsidy is the mechanism by which new coins are introduced into the total supply.

In Bitcoin, this subsidy is subject to a "halving" event approximately every four years, which cuts the reward in half. Over time, the subsidy will decrease until it reaches zero, at which point transaction fees will become the sole incentive for miners.

This process is crucial for the network's programmed monetary policy.