Can a User Be Penalized for Submitting a ‘Commitment’ but Failing to Submit the ‘Reveal’?

Yes, a protocol can be designed to penalize a user for a non-reveal, especially if the non-reveal is an attempt at 'griefing' or 'transaction aborting' due to a favorable market move. Penalties often involve staking a collateral amount during the commitment phase, which is then 'slashed' or forfeited if the reveal is not submitted within a specified time window.

This economic incentive structure is used to ensure the integrity and completion of the two-step process.