Compare and Contrast the Security Implications of Proof-of-Work (PoW) versus Proof-of-Stake (PoS)

PoW relies on miners expending computational power to secure the network, making a 51% attack expensive due to hardware and energy costs. PoS relies on validators staking their tokens, making a 51% attack expensive due to the cost of acquiring and risking a majority of the staked tokens.

PoS is generally more energy-efficient, but PoW has a longer, proven security history.