Does a 51% Attack Allow the Attacker to Mint New Coins or Alter the Total Supply?

No, a 51% attack does not allow the attacker to mint new coins or alter the total supply limit defined in the coin's protocol. The attacker can only reorganize existing transactions, censor future ones, and double-spend their own coins.

The fundamental rules of the protocol, such as the total supply limit and the block reward amount, remain enforced by the network's code and cannot be overridden by majority hashrate.