Does Cash Settlement Eliminate Counterparty Risk Entirely?

No, cash settlement does not eliminate counterparty risk entirely; it merely shifts and centralizes it. The risk is primarily concentrated on the clearinghouse or the exchange, which guarantees the payment between the buyer and seller.

If the clearinghouse fails, or if a large participant defaults and the clearinghouse's guarantee fund is insufficient, counterparty risk still exists. However, it is generally much lower than in an over-the-counter physically-settled trade.

Does Central Clearing Eliminate Systemic Risk Entirely?
How Does a Clearinghouse’s Capital Structure Impact Its Risk Profile?
How Does a “Delivery Default” Occur in Physical Settlement?
How Does MTM Reduce the Risk of Default for the Clearinghouse?
What Happens If a Clearinghouse Itself Defaults?
What Is “Default Fund” or “Guaranty Fund” at a Clearinghouse?
Does Cash Settlement Eliminate Counterparty Risk in Futures Trading?
How Does the Risk of a Clearing Member Default Differ from a Direct Counterparty Default?

Glossar