# Explain the Concept of "Miner/validator Extractable Value" (MEV) ⎊ Path

**Published:** 2025-12-05
**Author:** Greeks.live
**Categories:** Path

---

## Explain the Concept of “Miner/validator Extractable Value” (MEV).

MEV is the profit that miners or validators can gain by arbitrarily including, excluding, or reordering transactions within the blocks they produce. This profit comes from activities like front-running, sandwich attacks, and liquidations.

It is a form of hidden transaction cost that is not paid to the protocol but extracted by the block producers, posing a risk to network fairness and stability.

- [What Is Miner Extractable Value (MEV) and How Does It Relate to Front-Running?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/what-is-miner-extractable-value-mev-and-how-does-it-relate-to-front-running/)

- [How Does “Maximal Extractable Value” (MEV) Relate to Front-Running in DEX Transactions?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/how-does-maximal-extractable-value-mev-relate-to-front-running-in-dex-transactions/)

- [What Is Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) and Its Relation to Front-Running?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/what-is-maximal-extractable-value-mev-and-its-relation-to-front-running/)

- [Explain the Concept of Miner Extractable Value (MEV) in Simple Terms](https://learn.greeks.live/path/explain-the-concept-of-miner-extractable-value-mev-in-simple-terms/)

- [What Is “Miner Extractable Value” (MEV) and How Does It Affect Arbitrage?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/what-is-miner-extractable-value-mev-and-how-does-it-affect-arbitrage/)

- [What Is ‘Miner Extractable Value’ (MEV)?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/what-is-miner-extractable-value-mev/)

- [How Does Validator Staking Size Influence Their Ability to Extract MEV?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/how-does-validator-staking-size-influence-their-ability-to-extract-mev/)

- [How Does Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) Relate to Front-Running in Decentralized Finance?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/how-does-maximal-extractable-value-mev-relate-to-front-running-in-decentralized-finance/)

## Glossar

### [Reordering Transactions](https://learn.greeks.live/area/reordering-transactions/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)

Action ⎊ Reordering Transactions is the deliberate action by a block producer or sequencer to change the sequence of pending transactions within a block from the order they were received in the mempool.

### [Validator](https://learn.greeks.live/area/validator/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)

Role ⎊ A validator is a critical network participant in a Proof-of-Stake blockchain responsible for proposing, verifying, and attesting to new blocks of transactions to maintain consensus and secure the distributed ledger.

### [Network Fairness](https://learn.greeks.live/area/network-fairness/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)

Access ⎊ Protocol design must ensure equitable access to block inclusion for all transaction types, preventing systemic prioritization that favors specific market participants like large liquidity providers or high-frequency trading bots.

### [Mev](https://learn.greeks.live/area/mev/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)

Extraction ⎊ Maximal Extractable Value, or MEV, refers to the profit that can be extracted by block producers through their ability to reorder, insert, or censor transactions within a block.

## Discover More

### [Why Does the MEV Supply Chain Lead to Centralization Concerns?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/why-does-the-mev-supply-chain-lead-to-centralization-concerns/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![Why Does the MEV Supply Chain Lead to Centralization Concerns?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Quantum-Roller-Bearing-Analogy-for-Volatility-Surface-Contango-in-Decentralized-Exchange-Futures.webp)

High technical and capital requirements for MEV optimization lead to a few professional builders dominating block construction, causing centralization.

### [What Is the "Long-Range Attack" Risk Related to MEV in PoS?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/what-is-the-long-range-attack-risk-related-to-mev-in-pos/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![What Is the "Long-Range Attack" Risk Related to MEV in PoS?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Crystalline-Geometric-Structures-Representing-NonFungible-Token-Digital-Asset-Portfolio-Stratification.webp)

A long-range attack is a systemic risk where past token holders could create a fraudulent chain; MEV profits could potentially fund the necessary stake.

### [What Is 'Miner Extractable Value' (MEV) and How Does It Relate to Transaction Fees?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/what-is-miner-extractable-value-mev-and-how-does-it-relate-to-transaction-fees-2/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![What Is 'Miner Extractable Value' (MEV) and How Does It Relate to Transaction Fees?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Precision-Metrology-of-Collateralized-Debt-Position-Structure-Through-DeFi-Oracles.webp)

Profit a miner can extract by strategically reordering or including transactions, exceeding the standard block reward and fees.

### [What Is the Role of a 'Relayer' in the MEV Supply Chain?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/what-is-the-role-of-a-relayer-in-the-mev-supply-chain/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![What Is the Role of a 'Relayer' in the MEV Supply Chain?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Decentralized-Exchange-Liquidity-Pool-Split-Illustrating-Bifurcated-Asset-Pricing-Mechanisms.webp)

The relayer is an intermediary that receives MEV bundles from searchers, verifies them, and passes the most profitable block header to the proposer in the Proposer-Builder Separation (PBS) architecture.

### [How Does the Existence of MEV Affect the Average User's Transaction Cost?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/how-does-the-existence-of-mev-affect-the-average-users-transaction-cost/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![How Does the Existence of MEV Affect the Average User's Transaction Cost?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Transparent-Algorithmic-Sphere-Traversing-Sloped-Decentralized-Exchange-Execution-Rails.webp)

MEV increases transaction costs through implicit losses from poor execution prices and explicit costs from increased gas fees due to gas wars.

### [How Does 'Miner Extractable Value' (MEV) Relate to Front-Running On-Chain?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/how-does-miner-extractable-value-mev-relate-to-front-running-on-chain/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![How Does 'Miner Extractable Value' (MEV) Relate to Front-Running On-Chain?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Decentralized-Finance-Primitives-Assembly-Revealing-Complex-Structure-Of-On-Chain-Option-Execution-Mechanism.webp)

Front-running is a specific type of MEV where a transaction is inserted ahead of a pending profitable one.

### [How Do Proof-of-Stake (PoS) Finality Mechanisms Differ from Proof-of-Work (PoW) in Terms of MEV?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/how-do-proof-of-stake-pos-finality-mechanisms-differ-from-proof-of-work-pow-in-terms-of-mev/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![How Do Proof-of-Stake (PoS) Finality Mechanisms Differ from Proof-of-Work (PoW) in Terms of MEV?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Quantum-State-Marble-Visualization-of-Blockchain-Settlement-Finality-Mechanism-Under-Low-Latency-Market-Conditions.webp)

PoS has stronger, more defined finality, reducing the MEV window compared to PoW's probabilistic finality.

### [How Does "Maximal Extractable Value" (MEV) Relate to Front-Running in DEX Transactions?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/how-does-maximal-extractable-value-mev-relate-to-front-running-in-dex-transactions/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![How Does "Maximal Extractable Value" (MEV) Relate to Front-Running in DEX Transactions?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Macro-View-of-a-Secured-Physical-Layer-Access-Point-Detailing-Exotic-Asset-Tokenization-Infrastructure-Integrity.webp)

MEV is the total value extractable from block production; front-running is a type of MEV that exploits predictable AMM price changes by inserting a transaction before a target one.

### [What Is the Primary Difference between a validator'S Role in MEV and a Traditional Market Maker's Role?](https://learn.greeks.live/path/what-is-the-primary-difference-between-a-validators-role-in-mev-and-a-traditional-market-makers-role/?utm_source=crypto.greeks.live&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=satellite)
![What Is the Primary Difference between a validator'S Role in MEV and a Traditional Market Maker's Role?](https://learn.greeks.live/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Automated-Market-Maker-Liquidity-Pool-Gate-Mechanisms-Simulating-Volatility-Skew-Hedging-Strategies.webp)

Market makers profit from the spread and liquidity provision; validators profit from controlling the execution order of transactions (MEV).

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**Original URL:** https://learn.greeks.live/learn/explain-the-concept-of-miner-validator-extractable-value-mev/
