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How Did the SegWit Upgrade Address the Transaction Malleability Issue?

SegWit fixed malleability by separating the malleable witness data from the transaction data used to calculate the unique transaction ID (TXID).
Greeks.Live19.11.25

How Did the SegWit Upgrade Address the Transaction Malleability Issue?

The Segregated Witness (SegWit) upgrade addressed transaction malleability by "segregating" or separating the witness data (which includes the malleable digital signature) from the transaction's main data structure. Crucially, SegWit changed the way the transaction identifier (TXID) is calculated so that it no longer includes the witness data.

Since the malleable signature is no longer part of the TXID calculation, changing the signature does not change the TXID, thus eliminating the malleability issue.

What Is the Risk of a Malleated Transaction to the Original Sender?
What Is a “Witness” in the Context of SegWit Transactions?
Does Transaction Malleability Affect the Validity of the Underlying Transfer of Value?
What Is the Role of UTXOs (Unspent Transaction Outputs) in the SegWit Transaction Model?

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