How Do Block Times (E.g. 10 Minutes for Bitcoin) Affect the Success Rate of a Chain Reorganization Attack?

Longer block times make a chain reorganization attack harder and more expensive for the attacker. The longer the block time, the longer the attacker must sustain their 51 percent control and secretly mine blocks to build a longer chain.

This increased time window allows the legitimate network and community more time to detect the attack and mount a defense. Conversely, very short block times increase the probability of temporary forks and make it easier for an attacker to quickly create a longer chain.