How Do Dark Pools Ensure Best Execution without a Public Display of Quotes?

Dark pools ensure best execution by internally matching orders at a price that is typically better than the publicly available quotes, often using midpoint matching or another price improvement model. They are legally or contractually obligated to seek the most favorable terms reasonably available for the customer's order.

This is often achieved by referencing the best prices on lit exchanges. Their primary value is the ability to execute large trades without adverse price movement.