How Do Layer 2 Solutions Aim to Reduce Smart Contract Gas Costs?
Layer 2 solutions, such as rollups (Optimistic and ZK), process smart contract transactions off the main blockchain (Layer 1) and then bundle or compress them into a single, smaller transaction that is posted back to Layer 1. This amortization of the Layer 1 gas cost across many Layer 2 transactions drastically reduces the effective gas fee for each individual smart contract interaction.