How Do ‘Simplified Payment Verification’ (SPV) Wallets Use Merkle Trees?

SPV wallets are lightweight wallets that do not download the entire blockchain. Instead, they only download the block headers.

To verify that a transaction is legitimate and included in a block, the SPV wallet requests a Merkle Proof from a full node. The Merkle Proof, along with the Merkle Root in the block header, allows the SPV wallet to cryptographically confirm the transaction's inclusion without needing the full transaction data.

How Does a Merkle Root Verify a Transaction without Exposing the Entire Block?
How Does an SPV Wallet Trust the Block Headers It Receives?
What Is the Fundamental Difference between a Full Node and an SPV Client in a Blockchain Network?
Why Is the Merkle Root Essential for Simplified Payment Verification (SPV)?
What Is the Computational Advantage of Using a Merkle Tree over Simply Hashing the Entire Block Data?
What Is a ‘Light Client’ and How Does It Utilize the Merkle Root?
How Does a ‘Light Client’ Utilize the Merkle Root for Verification?
What Is Simplified Payment Verification (SPV) and Its Role in Lightweight Wallets?

Glossar