How Do Transaction Fees Contribute to Miner Revenue and Profitability?

Transaction fees are paid by users to have their transactions included in a block. These fees are collected by the miner who successfully mines that block, in addition to the fixed block reward.

While historically a smaller portion of miner revenue compared to the block reward, transaction fees are becoming increasingly important. As block rewards decrease over time due to "halving" events, transaction fees are expected to become the primary source of revenue and the main incentive for miners to continue securing the network in the long term.

High network congestion can lead to higher fees, boosting miner profitability.

How Does the Block Reward Incentivize Miners?
What Happens to the Block Reward If a Miner Includes an Invalid Transaction?
How Does a Mining pool’S Fee Structure Affect a Miner’s Net Profitability?
How Do Transaction Fees Influence Miner Block Selection?
How Does the Block Reward Incentivize Miners to Consume More Energy?
How Do Transaction Fees Become a More Critical Factor for Miner Revenue after a Halving?
What Is the Economic Incentive for Miners to Participate in a High-Difficulty Network?
What Is a “Mining Pool” and How Does It Relate to Profitability and Difficulty?

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