How Does a Call Option Differ Fundamentally from a Put Option?

A Call Option grants the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy an underlying asset at a specified price (strike price) before or on a certain date. A Put Option, conversely, grants the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell the underlying asset at the strike price.

Call options are typically bought with a bullish outlook, while Put options are bought with a bearish outlook. Their payoff structures are inverse to each other.