How Does a CEX Typically Manage the Private Keys for Client Assets?

A CEX uses a combination of hot and cold storage solutions. A small portion of assets is kept in "hot wallets" (online, connected to the internet) for immediate liquidity.

The vast majority is secured in "cold storage" (offline, multi-signature wallets, often geographically dispersed) to minimize the risk of hacking. The exchange's security team manages the complex key generation and signing processes.

Differentiate between a Hot Wallet and a Cold Wallet
What Is the Difference between a ‘Hot Wallet’ and a ‘Cold Wallet’ in Terms of Private Key Security?
How Is the “Hot Wallet Vs. Cold Wallet” Split Relevant to Insurance Premiums?
What Is the Difference between “Deep Cold Storage” and Standard Cold Storage?
How Do Regulatory Requirements Influence the Hot/cold Storage Ratio?
What Is the Difference between “Hot” and “Cold” Storage of Cryptocurrency?
How Does ‘Cold Storage’ Custody Differ from ‘Hot Wallet’ Custody for Institutional Crypto Assets?
What Is the Difference between Hot and Cold Storage in Crypto Custody?

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