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How Does a ‘Market Order’ Affect the Depth of the Order Book?

A market order consumes liquidity from the order book. A large market order will sequentially execute against all available limit orders on the opposite side, starting from the best price and moving down the price levels until the entire order is filled.

This process removes depth from the book and can widen the spread.

How Is ‘Bid-Ask Spread’ Related to Market Depth and Liquidity?
What Is a “Limit Order Book Sweep” and Why Is It Used?
What Is the Difference between Market Orders and Limit Orders in the Context of the Spread?
How Can a Large Market Order Affect the Bid-Offer Spread Itself?