How Does a Miner Select Which Transactions to Include in a Block?

Miners primarily select transactions based on the fee rate, which is the fee paid per unit of transaction size (sat/vB). They aim to maximize the total fees collected within the block's size limit.

The highest fee-rate transactions are usually prioritized. Miners may also consider transaction age or use specific proprietary selection strategies.

Ultimately, it is a profit-driven optimization problem.