How Does a Network’s Throughput (Transactions per Second) Relate to Front-Running?

A network's throughput, or transactions per second (TPS), is inversely related to the likelihood of front-running. Higher TPS means the network can process a larger volume of transactions quickly, clearing the mempool faster.

This reduces the time a profitable transaction spends waiting in the public mempool, thus narrowing the window of opportunity for front-running bots to detect and execute a preemptive trade. Low TPS, conversely, leads to congestion and a larger front-running window.

Can an Oracle Itself Be Front-Run If Its Price Update Is Visible in the Mempool?
How Does a Shorter Block Time on a Blockchain Affect the Window of Opportunity for Front-Running?
What Is ‘Transaction Throughput’ in a Blockchain?
How Does the Concept of a ‘Mempool’ Relate to the Risk of ‘Front-Running’ in DeFi?
What Is ‘Transaction Throughput’?
What Is the Role of a Transaction Mempool in Enabling Front-Running?
What Is the Typical TPS of the Bitcoin Network?
What Is the Trust Trade-off When Using a Private Mempool Service?

Glossar