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How Does a ‘Slashing’ Mechanism Deter Malicious PoS Re-Orgs?

Slashing is a mechanism where validators who sign conflicting blocks or participate in malicious re-org attempts have a portion of their staked capital permanently destroyed (slashed). This economic penalty makes the cost of a malicious re-org prohibitively high, directly aligning the validator's economic incentive with honest behavior and chain security.

What Is “Slashing” in a Proof-of-Stake System, and What Is Its Purpose?
What Is the Concept of “Economic Finality” in a Hybrid System?
How Does a High Staking Requirement Deter “Griefing Attacks”?
What Is the “51% Attack” and How Does It Differ in PoW versus PoS Systems?