How Does a ‘Sybil Attack’ Differ from a 51% Attack in a Blockchain Context?
A Sybil attack is an attempt to gain disproportionate influence on a network by creating numerous false identities (nodes or users). In PoW, a Sybil attack on mining nodes is ineffective due to the cost of hash power.
In PoS, it's mitigated by requiring a stake per validator. A 51% attack is specifically about controlling the majority of the network's resource (hash rate or stake) to manipulate the ledger, whereas a Sybil attack is about overwhelming the network's identity count.
Glossar
Sybil Attacks
Threat ⎊ Sybil Attacks describe the malicious creation and operation of numerous false identities (nodes or addresses) by a single attacker to gain disproportionate influence over a decentralized network's decision-making or validation processes.
Sybil Attack
Architecture ⎊ The Sybil attack, within cryptocurrency, options trading, and financial derivatives, exploits the inherent design vulnerabilities of distributed systems reliant on identity-based consensus.