How Does the Cost of Electricity Act as a Natural Economic Deterrent against Sustaining a 51% Attack?
The ongoing, massive electricity cost required to maintain 51% of the network's hash rate acts as a strong economic deterrent. An attacker must continuously pay this enormous operational cost.
If the attack is successful and destroys confidence, the value of the cryptocurrency plummets, making the attack financially ruinous as the attacker's revenue (from block rewards) would be worth far less than their power costs.