How Does the Difficulty Adjustment Mechanism Affect the Attack Cost over Time?
The difficulty adjustment mechanism is designed to stabilize the block time. If an attacker suddenly introduces a massive amount of rented hash rate, blocks will be found much faster.
The network will then rapidly increase the difficulty, making the attack proportionally more expensive to sustain over a longer period. This mechanism effectively raises the long-term cost of a sustained 51% attack, protecting the network.
Glossar
Difficulty Adjustment
Mechanism ⎊ Difficulty adjustment is a crucial mechanism in proof-of-work PoW blockchain networks, particularly Bitcoin, that automatically recalibrates the computational effort required to mine a new block.
Difficulty Adjustment Mechanism
Algorithm ⎊ Difficulty Adjustment Mechanisms represent a core tenet of blockchain protocol design, dynamically modulating mining or validation difficulty to maintain consistent block times despite fluctuating network hashrate.