How Does the ‘Howey Test’ Apply to Determining a Token’s Classification?

The Howey Test is a four-pronged legal standard used to determine if a transaction qualifies as an "investment contract," and thus a security. The criteria are: an investment of money, in a common enterprise, with an expectation of profit, derived solely from the efforts of others.

If all four elements are met, the token is deemed a security and subject to strict regulation. Issuers of utility tokens aim to demonstrate that the token's value is based on its use, not purely on speculative profit.

How Does the ‘Howey Test’ Apply to DAO-issued Tokens?
How Does the Howey Test Determine If a Token Is a Security?
What Is the Meaning of ‘Common Enterprise’ in the Context of the Howey Test?
What Evidence Is Used to Prove the ‘Solely from the Efforts of Others’ Criterion?
What Is the Howey Test and How Does It Determine If a Token Is a Security?
How Have Recent SEC Enforcement Actions Clarified the Application of the Howey Test to Tokens?
How Does the Howey Test Apply to Cryptocurrency Tokens?
How Does Decentralization of a Crypto Network Affect Its Classification under the Howey Test?

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