How Does the Mempool Relate to a Miner’s Transaction Selection Process?

The mempool, or memory pool, is a collection of all unconfirmed, valid transactions waiting to be included in a block. Miners draw transactions from this pool to assemble a block they are trying to mine.

They typically sort the transactions in the mempool by the fee rate (fee per byte or gas unit) to select the most profitable ones that will fit within the block size or gas limit. The mempool acts as the staging area for all pending network activity.