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How Does the Total Supply Cap of Bitcoin Relate to the Halving?

The total supply cap of Bitcoin is fixed at 21 million coins. The halving is the mechanism that enforces this cap by systematically reducing the rate at which new Bitcoin is introduced into circulation.

By cutting the block subsidy every four years, the halvings ensure that the 21 million limit is asymptotically approached over time.

What Is the Impact of a “Halving Event” on the Block Reward?
How Does a Vesting Schedule Affect a Coin’s Future Circulating Supply?
How Does a High Staking APY Affect Coin Supply Inflation?
How Does Coin Burning Affect the Total Supply of a Cryptocurrency?