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What Are ‘Layer 2’ Scaling Solutions for the EVM?

Layer 2 solutions process transactions off-chain to increase throughput and reduce fees, while inheriting Layer 1 security.
Greeks.Live07.11.25

What Are ‘Layer 2’ Scaling Solutions for the EVM?

Layer 2 solutions are protocols built on top of the main Layer 1 blockchain (like Ethereum) to increase transaction throughput and reduce gas fees. They process transactions off-chain and then post the final state back to the Layer 1 chain for security and finality.

Examples include Rollups (Optimistic and ZK) and sidechains.

How Do ZK-Rollups Improve Transaction Throughput on Ethereum?
What Are the Differences between On-Chain and Off-Chain Transactions in Terms of Security and Reliance on SHA-256?
How Do Layer 2 Solutions Reduce Mainnet Transaction Fees?
How Do Layer 2 Solutions Aim to Reduce Smart Contract Gas Costs?

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