What Are the Five Primary Inputs Required for the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model?

The five primary inputs required for the Black-Scholes model are: 1) The current price of the underlying asset (Spot Price), 2) The option's strike price, 3) The time remaining until the option's expiration, 4) The risk-free interest rate, and 5) The volatility of the underlying asset's returns. All these inputs must be known to calculate the theoretical fair value of a European option.