What Are the Primary Security Trade-Offs between PoW and PoS?

PoW offers security through massive energy expenditure and computational power, making a 51% attack prohibitively expensive (economic security). However, it is criticized for its high environmental impact and potential for hardware centralization.

PoS offers security through staked capital (financial security), consuming minimal energy. Its trade-offs include concerns about potential centralization among large coin holders ("whales") and the risk of "nothing at stake" attacks, though the latter is mitigated by slashing.