What Are the Three Main Steps in Generating an ECDSA Signature?

The three main steps are key preparation, signing, and outputting the signature components. First, a private key and a random, secret nonce (k) are chosen.

Second, the signing process involves elliptic curve calculations using the private key, the nonce, and the hash of the message (transaction). This produces two signature components, usually denoted as 'r' and 's'.

Finally, the output signature is the pair (r, s), which is appended to the transaction.