What Are the Two Main Components of a Miner’s Block Reward?

The two main components of a miner's block reward are the block subsidy and the transaction fees. The block subsidy is the newly minted cryptocurrency (e.g.

Bitcoin) created with the block, which halves approximately every four years. The transaction fees are the total fees paid by all the users whose transactions are included in that block.

As the block subsidy decreases due to halvings, transaction fees are expected to become the dominant component of the miner's revenue.