What Determines the Size of the “N” Window in a PPLNS Calculation?

The size of the "N" window is typically determined by the pool operator based on the pool's average block finding time and the desired level of protection against pool hopping. The window is often set to represent a certain number of expected block finds or a specific duration of time (e.g.

12 to 24 hours of expected shares). A larger N provides better protection but can dilute the payout for new, legitimate miners.