What Happens to the Block Rewards of the Blocks That Are Orphaned by the Longest Chain Rule?

When a block is orphaned, it is discarded from the main, canonical chain, and the block reward (subsidy plus transaction fees) that the miner expected to receive for that block is lost. The miner who found the orphaned block does not receive the reward, and the transactions contained within the orphaned block are typically returned to the memory pool (mempool) to be included in a subsequent block on the winning chain.