What Is a 51% Attack and How Does It Affect a Cryptocurrency Network?
A 51% attack occurs when a single entity gains control of more than half (51%) of a blockchain's total mining or staking power. This control allows them to exclusively order transactions and reverse previously confirmed transactions, leading to double-spending.
The primary effect is the loss of trust, network instability, and financial damage due to the successful reversal of transactions, which is critical for exchanges and users.