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What Is a “Gas Stipend” in the Context of External Calls?

A gas stipend is a small, fixed amount of gas provided to a recipient contract when a function like transfer or send is used to send Ether. Historically, transfer provided a 2,300 gas stipend.

This was intended to allow the recipient's fallback function to log the transaction or perform minimal safety checks, but not enough to execute a reentrancy attack.

What Is the Difference between a Receive and a Fallback Function in Solidity?
Why Is the 2,300 Gas Limit Sometimes Considered a Design Flaw?
Why Are Fallback Functions Critical in a Reentrancy Scenario?
Why Was the 2,300 Gas Limit Considered a “Safe” Amount against Reentrancy?