What Is a Mempool and How Does It Contribute to Fee Market Dynamics?

The mempool (memory pool) is a waiting area for unconfirmed transactions that have been broadcast to the network but not yet included in a block. Miners or validators select transactions from the mempool, usually prioritizing those with the highest fees.

A large mempool indicates network congestion, signaling users to raise their fees to compete for inclusion, thus directly driving fee market dynamics.

What Is the Difference between a Node’s Mempool and the Global Set of Unconfirmed Transactions?
What Is the Purpose of a Transaction ‘Mempool’?
What Is “Transaction Spamming” and How Does It Affect the Mempool and Fees?
What Is ‘Mempool’ in the Context of Transaction Congestion?
In Options Trading, What Concept Is Analogous to the Competitive Bidding for Block Space in the Mempool?
How Does the Mempool Relate to a Miner’s Transaction Selection Process?
How Does a Small Block Size Limit Contribute to Fee Market Volatility?
What Is a “Mempool” in Cryptocurrency and Why Is Its Size Important to Transaction Fees?

Glossar