What Is a ‘Relay Network’ and How Does It Aim to Reduce Block Propagation Delay?

A relay network is a separate, highly-connected, high-bandwidth network that sits on top of the public peer-to-peer network. Its purpose is to rapidly transmit newly mined blocks between participating miners and nodes, bypassing the slower, more decentralized propagation path.

By quickly sharing block headers and then the full block data, relay networks significantly reduce the block propagation delay, thereby improving network security and reducing the stale block rate.

How Do “Speed Bumps” Technically Delay Order Execution to Prevent Front-Running?
What Is the Difference between a Network-Enforced Minimum Fee and a Node’s Relay Policy?
How Does the Block Propagation Speed Affect the Rate of Stale Blocks?
How Does the Concept of a “Block Race” Relate to the Generation of Stale Shares?
What Is ‘Block Propagation’ and Why Is Its Speed Important for Network Security?
How Does the Size of a Block Affect the Probability of It Becoming Stale?
What Is a Private Transaction Relay and Why Is It Effective against MEV?
Does a Pool Operator Benefit from a High Number of Stale Shares Submitted by Miners?

Glossar