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What Is the Concept of the ‘Longest Chain Rule’?

The longest chain rule is the mechanism by which decentralized nodes agree on the correct version of the blockchain in the event of a temporary fork. Nodes will always consider the chain with the most cumulative Proof of Work (the "longest" or "heaviest" chain) as the valid one, discarding shorter competing chains.

How Does the Longest Chain Rule Protect the Network?
What Is a “Stale Block” and How Does It Relate to the Longest Chain Rule?
What Is the ‘Longest Chain Rule’ and How Does It Resolve Conflicting Blocks?
How Does a Blockchain Resolve Temporary Forks Caused by Network Latency?