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What Is the Difference between a ‘Spot’ Bitcoin ETF and a ‘Futures’ Bitcoin ETF?

A spot Bitcoin ETF directly holds the underlying Bitcoin, tracking its current market price. A futures Bitcoin ETF holds cash-settled Bitcoin futures contracts, primarily traded on regulated exchanges like the CME.

The futures ETF tracks the price of the futures contracts, which can differ from the spot price due to contango or backwardation, introducing 'roll risk' that the spot ETF does not have.

What Is the Potential Tracking Error Risk in a Bitcoin Futures ETF?
Why Is Off-Chain Governance Risk Often Categorized as “Basis Risk” for Derivatives?
How Can a Cryptocurrency-Focused ETF Be Structured to Track the Price of Bitcoin?
How Does Backwardation Affect the Profitability of a ‘Roll Yield’ Strategy?