What Is the Difference between a ZK-Rollup and an Optimistic Rollup?

Both are Layer 2 scaling solutions. A ZK-Rollup proves the validity of all off-chain transactions cryptographically before posting the proof to Layer 1.

An Optimistic Rollup assumes all off-chain transactions are valid by default ("optimistically"). It relies on a challenge period where anyone can submit a fraud proof if they detect an invalid transaction.

This difference affects withdrawal times and security assumptions.

What Are the Security Trade-Offs between Optimistic Rollups and ZK-Rollups for Financial Applications?
What Is the Minimum Length of a Typical Challenge Period in an Optimistic Rollup?
How Do Fraud Proofs in Optimistic Rollups Work to Secure Funds?
How Does a “Validity Proof” Differ from a “Fraud Proof” in the Context of Blockchain Finality?
What Is the Trade-off in Computational Complexity between the Two Rollup Types?
How Do “Fraud Proofs” Work in Optimistic Rollups?
How Do “Fraud Proofs” Work and What Are Their Limitations?
How Does the “Fraud Proof” Mechanism Work in an Optimistic Rollup?

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