What Is the Fundamental Difference between a Call Option and a Put Option?

A Call Option gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy an underlying asset at a specified price (strike price) before or on a certain date (expiration). Conversely, a Put Option gives the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell the underlying asset at the strike price before or on expiration.

Calls profit from rising prices; Puts profit from falling prices.