What Is the Probability of a Successful 51% Attack on a Proof-of-Activity Network Compared to a Pure Proof-of-Work Network?

The probability of a successful 51% attack on a Proof-of-Activity network is significantly lower than on a pure Proof-of-Work network. This is because an attacker must control both 51% of the network's hashing power and 51% of the staked coins.

The need to meet both conditions simultaneously makes a successful attack exponentially more difficult and expensive to execute. In a pure PoW network, an attacker only needs to control 51% of the hashing power.

The dual requirement in PoA creates a much higher security threshold.