What Is the Role of ‘Committees’ or ‘Validator Sets’ in Achieving PoS Finality?

In many PoS systems, the full set of validators is randomly partitioned into smaller 'committees' or 'validator sets' to propose and attest to blocks. This process is crucial for scalability and finality.

By having a rotating, random committee sign off on a block, the system ensures that a small group cannot collude to execute a 51% attack, and the collective attestations quickly reach the 2/3 supermajority required for BFT finality.