What Is the Role of “Layer 2” Solutions in the Future of Transaction Fees?
Layer 2 (L2) solutions, such as the Lightning Network and various rollups, process transactions off the main blockchain (Layer 1) and only periodically settle the final state back to L1. This dramatically increases transaction throughput and reduces the demand for scarce L1 block space.
By moving the majority of transactions off-chain, L2s significantly reduce the average transaction fee, ensuring the network remains affordable and scalable for daily use.