What Is the Term for an Account Balance Becoming Negative after Liquidation?

The term for an account balance becoming negative after liquidation is "negative equity" or "bankruptcy." This occurs when the exchange cannot close the position at a price better than the bankruptcy price (where margin is zero), leading to a loss greater than the initial margin. This deficit is typically covered by the exchange's insurance fund.

What Role Does the “Bankruptcy Price” Play in Relation to the Liquidation Price?
Is a Trader Liable for the Deficit If the Insurance Fund Is Also Depleted?
What Is ‘Negative Equity’ and How Is It Covered by the Exchange?
What Happens If a Liquidation Order Is Filled at a Price Worse than the Bankruptcy Price?
When Does the Insurance Fund Step in during Liquidation?
What Is “Negative Balance Protection” in Crypto Futures?
How Does a Derivatives Exchange Use an Insurance Fund to Manage Liquidation Risk?
What Is the Exchange’s Protocol for Dealing with a Negative Account Balance?

Glossar