What Is the Theoretical Upper Bound for the Selfish Mining Profitability Threshold?

The theoretical upper bound for the hashrate required for selfish mining to be profitable is often cited as 33.3%, or one-third of the total network hashrate. At this point, the selfish miner can always guarantee that their chain will win against the honest network's chain in the long run, even under ideal network conditions with zero latency.

If the hashrate exceeds 33.3%, the advantage becomes more pronounced, but the 25% to 33.3% range is the critical zone.

Do Hashrate Rental Platforms Guarantee the Successful Mining of a Specific Block?
How Does the ‘Longest Chain Rule’ in Proof-of-Work Facilitate the Selfish Mining Attack?
What Percentage of Hashrate Is Required for Selfish Mining to Be Profitable?
How Does Network Latency Affect the Profitability Threshold for Selfish Mining?
What Is the Concept of ‘Miner Centralization’ and Its Risk to PoW Security?
How Does the Cost of a 51% Attack Relate to a Coin’s Total Network Hashrate?
How Does the Block Propagation Delay Factor into the Success of a Selfish Mining Strategy?
Why Is the 33.3% Threshold Significant in the Context of Chain Competition?

Glossar