What Is the Trade-off between Security and Throughput in Consensus Models?

There is an inherent trade-off, often called the 'scalability trilemma.' Increasing throughput, for example, by increasing block size or reducing block time, can compromise security or decentralization. Faster block propagation is harder for globally distributed nodes, increasing the risk of chain forks and centralizing mining.

Stronger security, like high PoW difficulty, can slow down transaction processing.

What Is the Trade-off between Data Latency and Data Security in Oracle Design?
What Is the Difference between “Soft Forks” and “Hard Forks” in Blockchain Governance?
How Does the On-Chain Vs. Off-Chain Voting Mechanism Impact Legal Recognition?
What Is the Difference between an On-Chain and an Off-Chain Cryptographic Proof?
What Is the ‘Longest Chain Rule’ in Bitcoin?
Why Are Cross-Function Reentrancy Attacks Generally Harder to Detect?
How Does a ‘Fork’ Occur in a Blockchain Network?
Why Is the Risk of “Forks” a Consideration in Physically-Settled Crypto Futures?

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