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What Is ‘Transaction Malleability’?

Transaction malleability is a vulnerability where a third party could alter a transaction's unique identifier (TXID) before it is confirmed, without changing the transaction's content or validity. This could potentially confuse systems relying on the original TXID.

It was largely addressed in Bitcoin by the SegWit upgrade.

How Does the Verification Process Confirm the Sender’s Intent?
What Is the Concept of ‘Transaction Malleability’ and How Does Hashing Mitigate It?
Can a Miner Choose to Process a Transaction with a Zero Fee?
In What Scenario Might an Attacker Try to Manipulate the Raw Transaction Data?