What Legal Frameworks Exist to Recognize Cryptographic Signatures on Financial Derivatives as Legally Binding?

Many jurisdictions have enacted laws that give legal validity to electronic and cryptographic signatures. In the United States, the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (E-SIGN Act) and the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) provide a legal framework for the use of electronic signatures.

These laws generally state that a signature, contract, or other record relating to a transaction may not be denied legal effect, validity, or enforceability solely because it is in electronic form. Similar laws exist in the European Union (eIDAS regulation) and other countries, providing a legal basis for the enforcement of financial derivatives signed with a cryptographic signature.