What Technical Solutions Are Used to Mitigate MEV and Front-Running in DeFi?

Solutions include private transaction relays, like Flashbots, which allow users to submit transactions directly to validators without exposing them to the public mempool, thus preventing bots from seeing and front-running the trade. Other methods involve commit-reveal schemes, where transaction details are hidden until execution, and transaction batching, which bundles multiple trades to obscure individual order size.

Specialized smart contract designs can also randomize execution order.