Which Exchanges Are Known for Historically Using a Socialized Loss System?

Early-stage or smaller crypto futures exchanges sometimes utilized the socialized loss model before transitioning to the more robust insurance fund model. Notably, some of the very first crypto derivatives platforms used this system to cover deficits before the industry standardized on the insurance fund as the primary defense mechanism against under-collateralized positions.

What Are ‘Socialized Losses’ and How Do They Differ from Insurance Fund Coverage?
How Does an “Insurance Fund” Function as a Loss-Absorption Layer on a Crypto Derivatives Exchange?
Define “Socialized Losses” in the Context of a Derivatives Exchange’s Insurance Fund
Is ‘Last Look’ More Prevalent in Cryptocurrency Derivatives or Traditional Interest Rate Swaps?
Historically, How Has the Bitcoin Price Reacted to Previous Halving Events?
Which Futures Exchanges Typically Use the Socialized Loss Model?
Can an Exchange Switch between ADL and Socialized Loss Systems?
Why Is the Socialized Loss Model Generally Considered Inferior to an Insurance Fund?

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