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Which Volatility Measure Is Used in the Black-Scholes Model?

The Black-Scholes option pricing model uses implied volatility (IV) as an input, or it can be used to derive the IV from the option's market price. While the model requires an estimate of future volatility, in practice, the market price is used to back-solve for the implied volatility.

What Is the Black-Scholes Model’s Primary Use in Valuing Options?
What Is “Implied Volatility” and How Is It Derived from the Black-Scholes Model?
Which Volatility Measure Is Used as an Input in the Black-Scholes Model and Which Is the Output?
Which ‘Greek’ Is Directly Influenced by the Risk-Free Interest Rate Assumption in Black-Scholes?